= Russian Bill makes Free Software a Public Priority =
[ Read online: https://fsfe.org/news/2016/news-20161110-01.fi.html ]
Legislators have drafted a bill[1] that will boost Free Software on
multiple levels within the Russian Federation's public sector.
The draft, approved by the Russian Federation's Duma (lower chamber) in
mid-October, requires the public sector to prioritise Free Software over
proprietary alternatives, gives precedence to local IT businesses that
offer Free Software for public tenders, and recognises the need to
encourage collaboration with the global network of Free Software
organisations and communities.
The text enforces prioritising Free Software over proprietary
alternatives by requiring public administrations to formally justify any
purchase of proprietary software. The purchase will be considered
unjustified if a Free Software solution exists that satisfies the list
of technical specifications and standards. In addition, all IT purchase
agreements in the public sphere must be registered in a dedicated
registrar and detail the overall quantity and price of both purchased
proprietary and Free Software.
In order to encourage local businesses, IT companies that distribute and
provide Free Software products and services will by default receive
bonus points in public tenders. With this measure, legislators intend to
reduce the administration's dependency on foreign IT providers of
proprietary software.
Despite the above, the bill also recognises the universality of Free
Software. As the legislators acknowledge in explanatory notes appended
to the text, the concept of "Russian Free Software" is meaningless due
to the global nature of Free Software. The text recognises the need to
support Russian Free Software companies in order to better integrate
into global Free Software communities.
"[...]законопроект предлагает тем самым уйти от понятия «российское
СПО», поскольку наборы программных кодов, открытых по разного вида
свободным лицензиям, представляют собой по сути единую мировую
платформу[...]"
English translation:
[...]the draft bill suggests to withhold the concept of "Russian
Free Software", because the source code available under different
open licences represents in essence one global platform[...]
Another interesting aspect of the law is how the authors of the bill
have made an extra effort to ensure the language used in the draft are
correct. For one, only software carrying licenses that allow the four
freedoms[2] may be legally labelled as "Free Software":
"Свободное программное обеспечение (СПО) - программное обеспечение,
имеющее открытый исходный код и распространяемое по открытым
лицензиям на условиях специального лицензионного договора, на
основании которого пользователь получает неограниченное право на его
установку, запуск, а также свободное использование, изучение,
распространение и изменение (модификацию) по своему усмотрению в
любых, не запрещенных законом целях."
English translation:
"Free Software - software which is open source and distributed under
open licences based on special licensing contract terms, allowing a
user unrestricted right to install, run, use, study, distribute and
modify it freely, according to one's needs and for purposes that are
not restricted by law."
Secondly, every time the bill text refers to the most famous free
operating system, it refers to it as "GNU/Linux", not simply "Linux".
This indicates an awareness not commonly found amongst authors of
national legislations.
"The bill is an example of public software procurement done right." says
Polina Malaja, Policy Analyst and Legal Coordinator at the FSFE. "The
FSFE has long advised having all public administrations prioritise Free
Software and recommended that all software developed by and for the
public sector be published under a Free Software licence. As the authors
of the Russian bill have come to realise, without Free Software public
administrations will never be able to claim they have real digital
sovereignty. Other European administrations should take note."
--
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1. http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/addwork/scans.nsf/ID/15186D4536B068A5432580420046…
2. https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html
== About the Free Software Foundation Europe ==
Free Software Foundation Europe is a charity that empowers users to
control technology. Software is deeply involved in all aspects of our
lives; and it is important that this technology empowers rather than
restricts us. Free Software gives everybody the rights to use,
understand, adapt and share software. These rights help support other
fundamental freedoms like freedom of speech, press and privacy.
The FSFE helps individuals and organisations to understand how Free
Software contributes to freedom, transparency, and self-determination.
It enhances users' rights by abolishing barriers to Free Software
adoption, encourage people to use and develop Free Software, and
provide resources to enable everyone to further promote Free Software
in Europe.
http://fsfe.org/
= Heiki Lõhmus takes over FSFE vice-presidency from Alessandro Rubini =
[ Read online: https://fsfe.org/news/2016/news-20161031-01.fi.html ]
Alessandro Rubini has stepped down as Vice-president of the FSFE.
Alessandro, an electronic engineer with Ph. D. in a computer science,
brought invaluable insight to the internal discussions within the FSFE
and has worked tirelessly to push the Free Software envelope in Italy
and the rest of Europe.
Alessandro has left the vice-presidency to concentrate on his work with
the Free Software community in Italy, but he remains an active member of
the FSFE and continues contributing his time generously to the
organisation.
Taking over from Alessandro is Heiki Lõhmus, a student of aeronautical
engineering from Estonia. Heiki started collaborating with the FSFE when
he "discovered some Estonian-language gibberish on fsfe.org purporting
to be a translation of an English original, which it definitely was
not". He quickly became involved in the translation process and became
the translation coordinator.
He also represented the FSFE community in its board from 2013 to 2015.
During his time in the post, he managed the transition to a new way of
valuing contributions, ensuring volunteers and paying members of the
organisation enjoy the same benefits for their contributions.
Beyond his work at the FSFE, Heiki has actively lobbied the Estonian
government to publish the software used for the Estonian elections as
Free Software. "Estonia is the only country in the world where it is
possible to vote over the Internet" says Heiki, and relying on
proprietary software to do so is a security risk and does not inspire
much trust. Heiki works along with other activists to get the software
published under a free license.
Heiki is an enthusiastic member of the FSFE and we are sure he will
carry on Alessandro's excellent work.
--
Free Software Foundation Europe <https://fsfe.org>
FSFE News <https://fsfe.org/news/news.en.rss>
Upcoming FSFE Events <https://fsfe.org/events/events.en.rss>
Fellowship Blog Aggregation <https://planet.fsfe.org/en/rss20.xml>
Free Software Discussions <https://fsfe.org/contact/community.en.html>
== About the Free Software Foundation Europe ==
Free Software Foundation Europe is a charity that empowers users to
control technology. Software is deeply involved in all aspects of our
lives; and it is important that this technology empowers rather than
restricts us. Free Software gives everybody the rights to use,
understand, adapt and share software. These rights help support other
fundamental freedoms like freedom of speech, press and privacy.
The FSFE helps individuals and organisations to understand how Free
Software contributes to freedom, transparency, and self-determination.
It enhances users' rights by abolishing barriers to Free Software
adoption, encourage people to use and develop Free Software, and
provide resources to enable everyone to further promote Free Software
in Europe.
http://fsfe.org/